Solar energy is rapidly becoming a key player in the renewables sector, as more and more homeowners are opting for solar panels for their homes. Its adoption, however, is not without challenges. One palatable stumbling block is the uncertainty surrounding the durability and reliability of different solar technologies, in particular under thermomechanical stresses.
Recently, this topic was delved into by a team of scientists from Arizona State University. The goal was to understand how to make metal halide perovskite (MHP) modules and cells – an emerging solar technology – more stable under different environmental stressors such as light, heat, and humidity. While there are a variety of solar companies offering innovative solutions, the key to realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar modules lies in the understanding of the interaction between different degradation modes – mechanical, thermal and chemical.
The scientists found notable discrepancies between the failure rates of perovskite solar modules in the lab environment compared to their performance in the field. Specifically, they highlighted the negative impacts of film stresses within the perovskite absorber, the introduction of more stress interfaces through scribing, and the vital need for realistic accelerated degradation testing.
The team emphasized the importance of testing solar devices under multiple stressors. For instance, an ideal solar panel for your home should be able to withstand various conditions that mimic those experienced in real-life scenarios. By setting a minimum fracture energy for devices in labs, we can ensure that the modules can withstand the rigors of processing and packaging steps.
Interestingly, the researchers proposed that “engineering compressive stress” and “tuning layer properties” could significantly aid in improving the thermomechanical reliability. They believe that by taking into account the mechanical properties and adjusting the layer properties and adhesion, we can create a sturdier and more reliable solar array for homes.
In terms of making these findings accessible on a commercial scale, there’s still a journey ahead. But progress is certainly being made, and with a focussed investment in extending the design process towards thermomechanical reliability, it’s clear that we can expect MHP Photovoltaic (PV) panels on par with incumbent silicon or cadmium telluride in terms of operational lifetimes.
While the myriad of solar companies jostle for dominance in this expanding market, it’s heartening to see that scientific research is focusing on those aspects that will truly make solar a reliable, long-term solution for our energy needs. The end result of such work could very well be the increased feasibility of solar arrays for homes around the world, driving the solar industry to new heights and solidifying the essential role solar energy will play in our sustainable future.
Original Articlehttps://pv-magazine-usa.com/2024/05/29/strategies-to-address-thermomechanical-instability-of-perovskite-solar-modules/
